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COLON 1 AL DAYS 



BY 



LUCIE D. WELSH 



ILLUSTRATED BY 



OLIVE M, LONG 





EDUCATIONAL 


PUBLISHING 
BOSTON 


COMPANY 


New 


York 


Chicago 


San Francisco 



"the librar 
congress, 



RY OFl 

ss, I 

tECEIVEDl 

1902 



Two CoFHEs Received 

JUN. g 

COPVRIOHT ENTRY 

CLASB i5-XXc. No. 
COPY B. 






Copyrighted by 

EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING COMPANY 

1 901 



CONTENTS. 

Introduction. 

The Search for Gold ....... 5 

Virginia. 

The I>ost Colony . . . . . . . i r 

Settlement at Jamestown ...... 30 

Capt. John Smith , . . . . . . 35 

Summer at Jamestown ....... 41 

Captain Smith and Pocahontas ..... 49 

King James's Gifts to Powhatan . . . . .51 

Starving Time . . . . . . . . 61 

Story of Pocahontas ....... 67 

Prosperity in the Colony . . . . . . 71 

Bacon's Rebellion ....... 75 

Maryland. 

Lord Baltimore at Newfoundland .... 84 

The Voyage . . . . . . . .87 

The Maryland Colonists ...... 95 

First Days at St. Mary's . . . . . .100 

Clayborne's Rebellion . . . . , . 105 

Story of an Indian Princess . , . . . .110 

The Carolinas. 

Ribaut at Port Royal . . . . . . 133 

The Quakers from Virginia . . . . . .138 



CONTENTS. 

Cape Fear and the Barbadoes Colonists . . . 145 

Port Royal again . . . . . . . .150 

The Founding of Charleston . . . . . 161 

The Story of the Huguenots . . . . . .172 

Prosperity in the Colony . . , . . . 178 

Eliza Lucas and her Indigo Seeds , . . „ .189 

Georgia. 

Oglethorpe and the Poor Debtors . . . . 196 

Landing at Charleston ....... 201 

Settlement at Savannah ...... 206 

Oglethorpe and Tom-o-chi-chi . . . . .217 

The Salzburgers at Ebenezer ..... 224 

Oglethorpe's Return to England ..... 229 

The Highlanders ....... 234 

Founding of Frederica ....... 240 

Trouble with Spaniards ...... 240 

Georgia Royal Province ...... 243 



_,6o ''Oo 



foM.m§m' 







QUEBN ELIZABETH 




IN COLONIAL DAYS 

Most children have heard of Christopher 
Cokimbus. 

Many years ago he sailed across the 
Atlantic Ocean and discovered America. 

After that many other men came to this 
country. 



6 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

They called it the New World. 

They did not stay here long. 

But while here, they found many strange 

plants and animals. 

The people who lived in this New 

1 
World seemed strange to them, too. 

They called these people Indians, as they 
thought this country was a part of India. 

The Indians told these white men many 
wonderful stories. 

Some of them were not true, but the 
white men believed them all. 

The Indians soon learned that the white 
men wanted to find gold. 

So they told them that there was much 
gold here. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



They said there was a city made of 
gold. 

It had golden streets and golden houses. 

The king of the city was covered with 
gold powder, and lay upon a golden couch. 

Companies of white men tried to find 
this golden city. 

Of course they could not do so, for 
there was no such place. 

When they were tired of searching for it, 
they went home. 

Then other companies of men came out 
and looked for it. 

At last they gave up the search for the 
wonderful city. 

Still, many of them thought there must 



8 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

be plenty of gold somewhere in this New 
World. 

At that time Queen Elizabeth was ruler 
of England. 

She heard about the New World from 
English sea captains who had been here. 

They told her about the Indians ; about 
the strange plants and animals ; but most 
of all, they told about the gold. 

They thought that gold might be found 
if people stayed here and searched long 
enough. 

Queen Elizabeth thought so, too. 

She wanted these men to go to the New 
World and stay until they did find the 



gold. 



IN COLONIAL r>AYS. 

So she made them a present of a great 
deal of the land. 

Perhaps it was not hers to give. The 
Indians thought it belonged to them. 

Elizabeth said this land should be 
named Virginia. 

Later, there was much trouble with the 
Indians about this land. 




EARLY COLONISTS 



10 



Chapter II. 

A man named John White had heard 
what Ehzabeth had said. 

He thouorht he would come to Vireinia. 
A. number of other people came with him. 
There were over a hundred in all. 

Some of the men brought their wives 
and children. 

John White's daughter and her husband 
were in the first company. 

Her name was Ellinor Dare. 

Mr. White was to be the governor. 

So they all set sail from England. 

After a long voyage, they landed on a 

low, sandy island, now called Roanoke. 

11 



12 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

It is not far from North Carolina. 

You know the chmate is warm in that 
part of our country. 

Fruit and vegetables grow easily. 

The colonists thought they should like 
their new home. 

They built little houses and planted corn. 

Then, like the others, they began to look 
for gold. 

There was one unpleasant thing, however, 
about their home. 

There were many Indians near it. 

These Indians did not like the white 
people. 

You see, white men had been here before 
looking for gold. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 13 

Some of them had treated the Indians 
cruelly. 

So the Indians thought all white people 
were bad. 

It was not safe for the colonists to go far 
away from their village. 

The Indians would rush upon them and 
kill them. 




THEY COULD CARRY WOOD AND WATER 



u 



Chapter III. 

What do you think the children did in 
this colony? 

They couldn't go to school, for there was 
no school. 

I think they helped their mothers, just as 
children do now-a-days. 

They could carry wood and water. 

They could keep the little houses neat. 

Many beautiful flowers grew there. Per- 
haps they gathered these. 

Then they could go down to the shore 
and dig in the sand. 

Sometimes they must have felt very 
lonely. 



15 



16 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

One pleasant thing happened in this Httle 
colony. 

A little baby girl was born. 
How they all loved her ! 




::-y^^i^. 



VIKGINIA DARE 



Her mamma was Ellinor Dare, and the 
baby was named Virginia. 

Virginia Dare! Isn't that a pretty 



name : 



She was the first English child born in 



A 



merica. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 17 

This was in 1587; more than three hun- 
dred years ago. 

Poor httle Virginia ! 

As you will read later, her story is a sad 
one. 

After a while, food and clothing became 
scarce among these people. 

Some one must go back to England for 
more. 

The people thought Mr. White was the 
one to go. 

He did not wish to leave his little grand- 
daughter, Virginia. 

But as he was the leading man, he had 
to go. 



Chapter IV. 

Before Mr. White went, he called the 
people together. 

''I shall be gone many months," he said 
to them. 

''The Indians may trouble you. 

" Perhaps you cannot stay on this island. 

" If you leave, how can I find you when 
I come back?" 

Then some one thought of this plan. 

"We will cut the name of the place we 
go to on a tree. 

"The Indians may force us to leave. 

"If they do, we will put a cross over the 
name. 

18 . . 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 19 

"But if there is no trouble, we will not 
make the cross." 

So Governor White soon sailed away to 
England with some of his men. 

How lonely the colonists must have been 
when their leader was gone! 

Cruel Indians were all about them. 

The great ocean was between them and 
their old home. 

Do you not think they were brave to 
stay? 

They might all have gone home with Mr. 
White, you know. 

After a few weeks, Mr. White reached 
England. 

The English were now at war with Spain. 



26 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

All the money of the country was needed 
for the war. 

No one could help Mr. White. 

It was almost three years before he could 
get what he wanted. 

Then he had a vessel loaded with food, 
and again sailed away for the new world. 

It was dark when he reached Roanoke 
Island. 

He could see the light of a fire on the 
island. 

So the colonists were there, he thought. 

He could hardly wait for morning. 

He wanted so much to see little Virginia 
Dare and her mother. 



Chapter V. 

As soon as it was daylight he went to 
the island. 

He hurried to the place where he had 
left the colony. 

No one was there. The houses had 
fallen down. 

Where were the people? 

Mr. White and his men walked wildly 
over the island. 

They called aloud and blew on a horn. 

No one answered. 

At last they came to a tree marked 
Croatan. 

21 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 23 

This was the name of an Indian village 
on another island. 

But there was no cross over the name. 

So they did not think there was any 
trouble. 

Mr. White went back to his ship and 
sailed for "Croatan." 

A great storm came up. 

He gave up the search and was driven 
out to sea. 

He tried again, to find "Croatan," but he 
was never able to find the place. 

At last he went back home to Eng- 
land. 

No one ever knew what became of 
these poor people. 



24 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Some think they died of hunger, or the 
Indians killed them. 

Others think the Indians treated them 
kindly. 

They may have gone to live with the 
Indians. 

Then little Virginia would have grown 
up like an Indian girl. 

We never shall know. 



Chapter VI. 

For many years after this no one tried to 
live in Virginia. 

Most people thought it wicked to send 
men to such a country. 

If they did not starve, the Indians would 
surely kill them. 

Voyages, however, were made to other 
parts of the coast. 

Wherever people landed, they found a 
pleasant climate and fertile soil. 

Strawberries, mulberries, plums, peaches 
and other fruits were found. 

Besides these, there were many kinds of 
fish, birds and animals. 

26 



26 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

At last, a bold sailor, Captain Gosnold, 
made a voyage to America. 

He carried back to England a load of 
cedar and sassafras wood. 

It was worth much money. 

Captain Gosnold told the people of 
Enofland he thouo^ht white men could live 
in this new country. 

He talked about it with his friends. 

Among these was a man named Captain 
John Smith. 

Captain Smith had travelled much and 
had had many strange adventures. 

He was interested in Captain Gosnold's 
story, and wanted to come to Virginia. 

We shall hear more about him by and by. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



27 



There were other men who thought a 
colony could live here. 

Queen Elizabeth was dead now, and 
James was King. 





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King James said that these men might 
have a large strip of land for their colony. 

You know the Indians thought this land 
belonged to them. 



28 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

No one, however, seemed to think of 
that. 

Captain John Smith and his friends were 
soon ready to start. 

There were about a hundred people in 
the party. 

They had different reasons for coming. 

Some thought they would find gold. 

Some expected to live without work. 

Others wanted to teach the Indians to 
live as white people did. 

Most of the men did not know how to do 
any hard work. 

A few could build houses or plant corn. 

There were no women in this party, but 
there were four boys. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 29 

Would you like to know the names of 
these boys? 

They were Samuel Collier, Nat Pecock, 
James Brumfield and Richard Mutton. 




Chapter VII. 

The company started from England in 
three ships. 

They were called the " Discovery," the 
"Good Speed," and the "Susan Constant." 

The ships were all small. 

We should not think it safe to cross the 
ocean in such small vessels now-a-days. 

It took them a long time to come. 

They meant to land at Roanoke Island, 
but a storm drove them farther north. 

When it cleared away, they were near 
Chesapeake Bay. 

So they sailed up the bay and landed. 

This was on May 23, 1607. 



30 



tN OOLONLAL DAYS. 31 

They looked about for a place to settle. 

At last they came to a low, sandy 
peninsula. 

There was a narrow strip of land joining 
it to the mainland. 

The colonists thought it would be easy 
to keep Indians from crossing this narrow 
strip. 

So they built their town here. It was 
called Jamestown for King James. 

All the colonists had to work hard. 

Some of them cleared the land. 

Some cut down trees for lumber. 

Others built little houses. 

The roofs of the houses were covered 
with moss or orrass. 



32 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



As soon as they could, they built a church. 
Every morning and evening they had 
services there. 

The minister's name was Mr. Hunt. 




He was a good man and a great help 
to the colony. 

All the houses were built at last, and the 
corn was planted. 

Then two of the ships went back to 
England. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



The smallest one was left for the colonists 
to use. 

Every one was well, and no one wanted 
to go back to England. 




But how lonesome it was after the ships 
had gone ! 

While the daylight lasted, it was not so 
bad. 

At niorht the air was full of strangle noises. 

The wind sighed around the little houses. 



34 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

The waves moaned on the shore. 

From the woods came the sound of wild 
beasts. 

And all the time there was the fear of 
the Indians. 

Those four boys were homesick enough. 

One of them used to cry at night. 

Nothing could stop him. 

Sometimes the men whipped him. 

But he cried just the same. 

Don't you feel sorry for him? 



Chapter VIII. 

Now I am going to tell you about Cap- 
tain John Smith. 

His parents died when he was a small 
boy, and his uncle had the care of him. 

His uncle wanted him to learn a trade. 

In those days many people went to sea, 
or travelled in distant lands. 

John Smith thought he would like to do 
somiCthing like that. 

As his uncle did not wish him to go to 
sea he ran away from home. 

Runaway boys usually have a hard time. 

Things were not easy for Master John 
Smith. 

35 




CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 37 

He started with some men to eo to 
France. 

They pretended to be kind to him, but 
really wanted to steal from him. 

When they reached France, they took his 
trunk and money from him. 

He had to walk throuQ^h France beo^gine 
his way. 

At last he started in a ship for Italy. 

A great storm arose, and the vessel 
nearly sank. 

The people on board thought that Smith, 
being a strange looking person, had caused 
the storm. 

Of course he didn't, but people believed 
such things then. 



38 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

So they threw him into the sea. 

He had learned to swim when a boy, and 
now saved himself by swimmmg to an island. 

No one li\/ed on this island, but there 
was plenty of fruit. 

Smith did not have to go hungry. 

He did not stay here long. 

Two English vessels soon came in sight. 

Smith made signs to them, and they took 
him away from the island. 

Next he became a soldier and went to 
fight the Turks. 

After a time he was taken prisoner by 
the Turks, and sold as a slave. 

His Turkish mistress was a beautiful 
princess, who treated him very kindly. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



39 



She sent him as a present to her brother, 
who hved at a distance. 

She told her brother to use Smith well. 
But her brother was a very cruel man. 

r 




SMITH WITH IRON COLLAR 



He had a heavy iron collar made, which 
Smith had to wear. 

Smith had to work hard and was often 
beaten. 

One day his master was very unkind. 



40 W COLONIAL DAYS. 

Smith turned upon him and struck him 
a great blow. 

The wicked man fell dead. 

Then Smith dressed himself in his 
master's clothes, and rode away on his 
master's horse. 

After many journeys, he reached his 
friends in England. 

A short time after this, he came to 
Virginia. 

We shall learn what he did here. 



Chapter IX. 

Now let us see what the Jamestown 
colony has been doing. 

You know, very few of these colonists 
knew how to work. 

There was much hard work needed to be 
done, however. 

But most of the men were not willing to 
help in this hard work. 

They wanted to do nothing but look for 
gold. 

When they did not find the gold, they 
were disappointed and cross. 

At last they quarreled with each other. 

41 




THE RIVERS WERE FULL OF FISH 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 43 

Then their food became scarce, and what 
they had was not good. 

The water was very poor and the weather 
was hot. 

Soon a great many men fell ill. 

It was a terrible summer for them. 

Sometimes there were not enough well 
people to care for the sick. 

Every day some one died. 

The Indians also began to trouble them. 

One day, some of the colonists were 
hoeing^ corn outside the town. 

The Indians fell upon them and wounded 
several. 

A boy was killed. I don't know which 
one it was. 



44 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Perhaps it was the one who had been 
homesick. 

At times it seemed to the people as if 
the cool weather would never come. 

Day after day the sun blazed down upon 
them. 

At night a fog rose from the swamp. 

This was not good weather for the sick 
people. 

At last September came. 

The winds blew cool, and the corn was 
ready to harvest. 

The rivers were full of fish, and there 
was plenty of wild fowl. 

Those who were sick beoran to feel better. 
' But only half the colony were left alive. 



Chapter X. 

When cold weather came food was scarce 
again. So Captain Smith said he would 
go among the Indians for more. 

He got his boat ready and sailed up the 
river. 

He took several men with him, for he 
meant to try and get a load of corn from 
the Indians. 

After a while he landed, and started 
towards an Indian villao^e. 

He had with him an Indian, whom he 
thought was friendly, for a guide. On his 
way he was attacked by a band of the 
savages. 



45 




HE LANDED AND STARTED FOR AN INDIAN VILLAGE 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 47 

What do you think he did? 

He bound his Indian guide to his arm 
and used him as a shield. 

He shot and wounded several of the 
savages. 

But as he was walking backwards toward 
his boat he fell into a soft mud hole. 

He couldn't get out, and the Indians 
quickly captured him. 

They took him to their chief village. 

It was a long way through the woods. 

Many of the Indians had never seen a 
white man before. 

But when they reached their village, they 
treated Smith kindly. 

They put him in one of their houses. 



48 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Many Indians came to look at him. 

An Indian, to whom he had been kind, 
gave him a cloak. 

Large baskets of food were brought to 
him. 

He was afraid, however, to eat much. 

He thought the Indians might want him 
to grow fat. 

Then perhaps they would eat him. 

He was very wrong about this, for Indi- 
ans do not eat people. 



Chapter XI. 

After a few days they took Smith before 
their king. 

The king's name was Powhatan. 

He was a stern looking man, dressed in a 
fur cloak. 

He sat on a kind of throne before a 
great fire. 

On each side of the room were rows of 
Indian warriors. 

Behind them were Indian women. 

All the Indians talked a great deal. 

They could not decide on the best way 
to put Smith to death. 

Powhatan settled it at last. 

49 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 51 

Some great stones were brought in. 

Smith's head was laid on them. 

Two Indians stood on either side with 
heavy clubs. 

They were going to kill Smith with these. 

Just as they were ready to strike, an 
Indian girl ran forward. 

She was the king's daughter. 

Her name was Pocahontas. 

She asked her father not to kill Smith. 

He replied that Smith was an enemy to 
the Indians, so he ought not to live. 

You know that Indians always kill their 
enemies. 

Pocahontas had often seen men thus 
killed. 



52 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

I do not know why she wanted Smith to 
live. 

But it was well for him that she did. 

The Indians raised their clubs again. 

Then Pocahontas ran forward, and threw 
herself upon Smith. 

They could not strike him without strik- 
ing her. 

Powhatan was very fond of his daughter, 
Pocahontas. 

He was always glad to please her. 

So he said Smith might live, and Poca- 
hontas could have hmi for a slave. 

He could make little baskets for her and 
tell her stories. 

Smith did not wish to stay with the Indians. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



53 



He wanted to go back to Jamestown with 
food for the colonists. 

After a short time, Powhatan let him go. 
He took with him a boat-load of corn. 




He paid for it with beads, knives, fish 
hooks, and such things. 

The Indians liked trinkets better than 
money. 

After this Pocahontas was always a 
friend to the white people. 



54 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

She did them many kindnesses. 

Once she came to Jamestown in the night. 

She warned the white men that Indians 
were coming to kill them. 

So when the Indians came the colonists 
were ready to meet them. 

Many times she brought them food when 
they were hungry. 

Smith always treated her kindly and 
made her many presents. 

In the next two years many things hap- 
pened at Jamestown. 

Several ships with people came out from 
England. 

They brought women and children with 
them. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 55 

It was not so lonely after they came. 

The little houses looked more home-like. 

Soon there were nearly a thousand 
people in Virginia. 

They did not all live in Jamestown. 

Other towns were built. 

What do you think the boys did in those 
two years? 

One of them was killed by the Indians, 
you know. 

The others must have worked hard to 
help the men. 

One of them, Samuel Collier, was very 
fond of Captain Smith. 

Smith made many voyages along the 
coast, and he often took Samuel with him. 



56 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Once he left the boy with a tribe of 
Indians. 

He wanted Samuel to learn the way 
Indians lived. 

I wonder if Samuel was afraid to stay? 

I think I should have been! 



Chapter XII. 

Let me now tell you a queer story about 
the Indian chief, Powhatan. 

King James of England had heard of 
the Indian chief, and wished to make him a 
present. 

He couldn't have understood very well 
about Indians, for he sent such strange 
presents! 

First there was a bedstead. 

Next there was a washbowl and pitcher. 

Then there was a beautiful red robe. 

Last of all there was a crown. 

It was arranged that Powhatan should 
come to Jamestown to get the presents. 

57 



58 IN COLONIAL BAYS. 

The chief men were to put on the robe 
and place the crown on his head. 

A message was then sent to Powhatan, 
but he would not come to Jamestown, 

If they had anything for him, they might 
bring it to him, he said. 

So they had to go to his village. 

Powhatan, however, was much pleased 
with the gifts. 

I am afraid he never used the bowl and 
pitcher. 

He was willing to put on the red robe. 

Then they wanted him to kneel, and they 
would put on the crown. 

But the Indian chief would not kneel, 
and they couldn't make him. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 59 

At last two of them leaned hard on his 
shoulders. 

That made him bow his head. 




Then they put on the crown. 

Just as they did this, guns were fired. 

Powhatan was much frightened for a 



60 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

minute, but he soon saw that no harm was 
meant. 

He thanked the colonists for their pres- 
ents, and sent his old robe to King James. 

It was made of raccoon skins. 



Chapter XIII. 

Soon after this Captain Smith was hurt 
while on one of his journeys. 

He had to go home to England to see a 
doctor. 

Then everything in the colony went 
wrong. 

You know the people came to look for 
gold. 

Well, they never found any, and that 
made them unhappy. 

After Smith went home, they had no 
good leader. 

So the Indians thought it a good time to 
attack them. 



61 




ONE DAY A VESSEL SAILED UP THE RIVER 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 63 

They killed every white man they saw. 

The colonists were soon very badly off. 

They ate all the food they had. 

Then they lived on roots and berries. 

When the fruit was gone, they killed 
their animals, even their dogs. 

It was a dreadful time. 

Almost all the colony died of starvation 
or disease. 

One day a vessel came sailing up the 
river. 

We can think how glad the colonists 
must have been to see it. 

They thought they would have some- 
thing to eat at last. 

But on the vessel were more colonists. 



64 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

They had started from England long 
before this. 

On the voyage they had been ship- 
wrecked. 

For many months they had lived on an 
island. 

At last they had built a ship and sailed 
to Jamestown.. 

They had only a little food, and expected 
to get plenty in Virginia. 

But there was no food for any one at 
Jamestown. 

The leaders now did not know what 
to do. 

At last, it was thought best for every 
one to go back to England. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 65 

It seemed a pity to give up the col- 
ony after so much work had been done 
there. 

The poor colonists, however, thought 
only of getting home. 

They had suffered so much in Virginia. 

All hurried to get on the ship. 

Some of the men wanted to burn the few 
houses left m Jamestown. 

The captain of the ship would not let 
them. 

They were just going to sail when another 
ship was seen commg up the river. 

It was one of a fleet of vessels. 

The fleet was coming to Virginia. 

It brought food enough to last a year. 



66 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

A great many more colonists came, too. 

The people all landed again. 

They were glad they had not burned the 
houses. 

From that time all went well in the 
colony. 



Chapter XIV. 

I want to tell you now something more 
about Pocahontas. 

You know she did much for the 
colonists. 

After Captain Smith went away, she did 
not go often to Jamestown. 

Captam Smith was always kind to her. 

Perhaps the other men were not. 

After a while the Indian chief, Powhatan, 
treated the white men cruelly. 

A man named Argall was governor of 
Virginia then. 

He was not a very good man. 

67 



68 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

He wanted to make a prisoner of Poca- 
hontas, and keep her among them. 

Then he thought Powhatan would not 
trouble the colonists. 

So he coaxed Pocahontas to g-o on board 
a small vessel. 

Once on board, he would not let her go 
ashore arain. 

She was taken to Jamestown and kept 
there. 

All the colonists, however, treated her 
kindly. 

After a while she did not care to go back 
to her people. 

She became a Christian. 

Her name was changed to Rebecca. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 69 

That is not as pretty a name as Poca- 
hontas, I think. 




MARKIAGE OF POCAHONTAS 



She had another Indian name, too. 

It was Mat-o-ax. 

She married one of the colonists, a 



70 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

young man named John Rolfe, who took 
her to England. 

There she saw Captain Smith again. 

How o^lad she was to see him ! 

He wrote a letter to the queen about her. 

He told the queen how good she had 
been to the colonists. 

Many times they would have starved if 
she had not given them food. 

Every one in England was kind to her. 

I am sorry to have to tell you that, just 
as she was going back to Virginia, she died. 

She left a little baby boy. 

He was named Thomas Rolfe. 

He grew to be a man, and later came to 
Virorinia. 



Chapter XV. 



Now, for many years all was quiet in 
Virginia. 

People had long since 
given up looking for 
gold. 

There were other 
ways of earning a living. 

Almost every one in 
the colony grew tobacco. 

It was sent away in 
ships and sold for much 

TOBACCO 

money. 
Many people grew very rich in this 
way. 

71 




72 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Houses were built in the midst of great 
plantations. 

Around the great houses were built 
many small ones. 

In these lived the servants of the rich 
owner. 

They did all his farm work for him. 

Some of these servants were negroes and 
were slaves. 

The furniture for the great houses was 
brought from England. It was handsome 
and expensive. 

Many of the people wore fine clothes, also, 
which had to be brought from England. 

They went about on horseback, or were 
rowed on the rivers by their servants. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 73 

Their lives were very prosperous and 
happy. 

There were no schools, but the children 
had teachers at home. 

Sometimes the children of two or three 
families would study together. 

But poor children in those days had no 
chance to learn. 

People thought they did not need to 
study. 

It was enough to know how to work. 

Everybody, however, went to church. 

It was against the law to stay at home. 

These good times did not last, for 
trouble came after a while. 




CHARLES II. 



Chapter XVI. 

A man named Berkeley came to be 
governor of Virginia. 

He was a rich man, and lived in a fine 
house. 

It was in the midst of a great estate 
called Green Springs. 

Governor Berkeley was thought to be a 
good man, and was much beloved. 

He had been governor for many years. 

Charles II. was King of England now. 

Before this, the English rulers had made 
many unjust laws for Virginia. 

They had said Virginia must send all 
her goods to England. 

75 



76 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

She must send it on English ships, too. 

Virginia did not wish to do this. 

The goods would sell for more money 
somewhere else. 

When Charles II. became King, he said 
the laws must be obeyed. 

Then he gave the whole colony of Vir- 
ginia to two of his friends. 

They taxed the colony in every way. 

Governor Berkeley had to carry out the 
laws. 

This made the people dislike him. 

For many years there had been no 
trouble with the Indians. 

People had begun to live farther and 
farther away from the villages. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 77 

It had seemed safe to do this. 

All at once trouble began. 

Some white people were killed by Indians. 

The people thought Governor Berkeley 
ought to protect them. 

He was not willing to do this. 

He said the people could easily take care 
of themselves. 

The Indians kept on burning houses and 
killing people. 

The white settlers who lived near them 
formed an army. 

A young man named Bacon was the 
leader. 

They marched against the Indians and 
drove them away. 




THE INDIANS KEPT ON KILLING PEOPLE. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



Governor Berkeley was very angry. 

He said Bacon had no right to lead an 
army. 

He wanted to arrest Bacon and keep him 
a prisoner at Jamestown. 

Most of the colonists sided with Bacon. 

A few men thought Berkeley was right. 

Bacon and his men marched aramst 
Berkeley. 

The governor was driven out of James- 
town. 

Now every one forgot about the Indian 
trouble. 

They thought only of Bacon and Gov- 
ernor Berkeley. 

They wondered which side would win. 



Chapter XVII. 

Bacon went up into the country to see 
some of his friends. 

As soon as he was gone, Governor Berke- 
ley went back to Jamestown. 

He had gathered together a small army. 

In Jamestown there were several cannon. 

Berkeley meant to use these if Bacon 
attacked him. 

Bacon hurried back to Jamestown. 

He heard that Governor Berkeley meant 
to fire the cannon at his army. 

He took a queer way to protect his army. 

There were many men with Berkeley 
whose homes were outside of Jamestown. 

80 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 81 

Bacon sent his soldiers to these houses. 

They took the women prisoners, and 
carried them to Bacon's camp. 

Then Bacon put them in front of his army. 

Of course Berkeley's men would not fire 
then. 

They would be sure to hurt the women. 

So Bacon was successful again. 

Berkeley left Jamestown to get more 
men, and Bacon sent home the women. 

Bacon was afraid Berkeley would come 
back with a larger army. 

He thought they might get into James- 
town and still use the cannon. 

So he and his men set fire to the city. 

All the houses were burned. 



82 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

It was the first English city in America. 
Nothinir is now left of it but a church 
tower and some gravestones. 
Soon after this, Bacon died. 




RUINS OP JAMESTOWN 



As there was no one to take his place, 
his army broke up. 

Governor Berkeley came back. 

He was very angry with every friend of 
Bacon's. 



m Colonial Days. 83 

All who had helped him were severely 
punished. 

Berkeley showed himself to be very cruel. 

Even the king thought him unjust. 

He was soon called back to England, 

Then matters went on in the Colony as 
they had before. 



MARYLAND. 

CHAPTER XVIII. 

When our country was first settled 
people thought a great deal about religion. 

They talked of it much more than we do 
to-day. 

Most of the people in England were 
Protestants. 

Catholics, at that time, were treated very 
different from Protestants. 

A rich Catholic, named Lord Baltimore, 
thought this was wrong. 

Catholics and Protestants should be 
treated alike, he said. 

84 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 85 

He thought It would be a good plan to 
send Cathohc famihes to the new world. 

He talked with King James about it, and 
the king thought the idea was a good one. 

So Lord Baltimore purchased a large 
tract of land in New-found-land. 

Then he sent a company of men to settle 
the land, and later built a fine house for 
himself there. 

These people planted grain, and went 
fishing. 

Many fish are found near New-found- 
land. 

The colonists, however, did not like their 
new home, for the winters were so long and 
cold. 



86 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

After a time, Lord Baltimore gave up 
the colony, and sailed for Virginia. 

Here was just the place for a colony, he 
thouo^ht. 

But the Jamestown people did not want 
him there. 

The land had already been given to 
them. 

Some of them were rude to him. 

He returned to England, and asked the 
king for land near Virginia. 

The king gave him all he wanted. 

Some of it had already been given to 
the Jamestown people. 

There was trouble about this after a 
while. 



Chapter XIX. 

Lord Baltimore soon gathered people 
enough for his new colony. 

There were about three hundred in all. 

Some were Catholics and some were 
Protestants. 

Lord Baltimore did not care for that. 

He wanted every one treated kindly. 

You remember about the first Jamestown 
colony. 

Very few of those men knew how to 
work. 

In Lord Baltimore's colony it was dif- 
ferent. 

61 



)S8 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

There were carpenters, farmers, and all 
sorts of workingmen among them. 

Some of the men took their wives and 
children with them. 

There were two good priests in the 
company. 

They were Father White and Father 
Altham. 

Just as all was ready, Lord Baltimore 
died. 

How sorry the company must have been 
to lose this good friend! 

His oldest son, named Cecil Calvert, now 
became Lord Baltimore. 

He took his father's place with the 
company in England. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



89 



His brother, Leonard Calvert, was to go 
to the new world and be the governor of 
the colony. 




SECOND LORD BALTIMORE (CECIL) 



All being now ready, the company, in 
the year 1633, sailed in two vessels. 



90 IN COLONIAL BAYS. 

The larger one was called the "Ark," 
and the smaller one the "Dove." 

Don't you think those are odd names 
for ships? 

The voyage lasted about four months. 

There were many storms. 

The colonists were often afraid they 
would never see land again. 

At last they reached an island on the 
Potomac River. 

In a few days the colonists sailed farther 
up the river. 

Their land bordered on this river. 

They thought it a beautiful country. 

On each side of the river were great 
trees. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



91 



There were also many grape vines 
loaded with grapes. 




Beautiful birds flew about, and the 
climate was soft and warm. 

It was very different from the cold, bleak 
country of New-found-land. 

At last, the ships sailed into a little bay, 
and the people landed on an island. 




THEY KNELT DOWN AND THANKED GOD 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 93 

They were now in a country they could 
call their own. 

They knelt down and thanked God for 
bringing them there in safety. 

Then they put up a great cross made 
from the trunk of a tree. 

They said the country should be called 
Maryland. 

This was in honor of the queen, Hen- 
rietta Maria, of Engrland. 

While they were on this island, the 
women folks met with a strange accident. 

The women wanted to wash some clothes, 
so they went out in a boat to do it. 

Some one leaned over too far, and the 
boat upset. 



94 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

The women were nearly drowned, and 
the clothes were lost. 

This was a pity, for there was no place 
to buy more clothes. 

The Indians who lived near were very 
friendly. 

They came to the island to see the 
colonists. 

They were very much surprised when 
they saw the great ships. 

They had never seen such large vessels 
before. 



Chapter XX. 

You remember that the Jamestown people 
had much trouble with the Indians. 

Governor Calvert thouorht it was because 
the Jamestown people were cruel to the 
Indians. 

He meant to use them well. 

So he went to see the chief of the 
Indian villaore. 

The real chief, it appears, was a little 
baby, so his uncle ruled in his place. 

Governor Calvert asked the uncle if the 
colonists could stay in that country. 

He said they might stay as long as they 
wished. 

95 



96 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

On his way back to the island, the gov- 
ernor met a strangre looking^ man. 

He could not tell whether he was a white 
man or an Indian. 




This man was Capt. Henry Fleet. 

At one time he had gone from James- 
town to trade with the Indians. 

He was taken prisoner, and lived with 
them for six years. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 97 

He learned to talk as the Indians did. 

He dressed in Indian clothes. 

At last he grew to look like an Indian. 

Governor Calvert was glad to meet him. 

As Captain Fleet knew the country well, 
he could be of much use to the colony. 

The island where the white people 
landed was too small for a town. 

Captain Fleet knew just the right place. 

It was an Indian village, a few miles up 
the river. 

He took Governor Calvert to see it. 

The Indians did not wish to stay there 
any longer. 

They were afraid of another savage tribe 
that lived not far away. 



98 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Governor Calvert went to see the chief 
of the tribe to which the villao^e be- 
longed. 

He asked if the colonists could live in 
their village. 




The chief was not very polite. 

He said he didn't care whether they did 
or not. 

Governor Calvert thoucrht this mio^ht be 
the Indian's way of saying "yes." 

So he paid for the village. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 99 

What do you think he paid for it? 

Indians would not care for money, you 
know. 

He gave the chief some axes, hoes, and 
pieces of cloth. 

The Indians, however, thought they had 
been well paid. 

Then Governor Calvert went back to the 
island. 

He told the people about the little town. 

They were all very glad he had found 
such a pleasant place for them to live in. 



L.iC. 



Chapter XXI. 

The boats were got ready and they all 
sailed up the river to the Indian village. 

Many Indians came down to the shore to 
see them unload their goods. 

A chief, who lived far away in the forest, 
came, too. 

He had heard of the white people and 
their great ships. 

He wanted to see them. 

The colonists treated him, and all the 
others, as well as they could. 

The governor of Virginia also came to 
see them at this time. 

100 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 101 

He thought the village a very pleasant 
place. 

The people named it St. Mary's. 

This was in i 634. 

For a time, the colonists lived in the 
little huts which had been built by the 
Indians. 

The largest of these had belonged to the 
chief. 

It had a sort of bed in it. 

This hut they gave to Father White and 
Father Altham. 

They used it for a church, and had ser- 
vices there every day. 

Many Indians stayed in the village. 

They lived with the colonists. 



102 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



The red children and the white ones 
played together. 

The good priests taught them all. 
There was never any trouble with them. 




But after a while the Indians went away 
to live by themselves. 

They often came back, however, to St. 
Mary's. 

The priests spent much time with them. 

The priests also visited the Indians in 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 103 

the deep forests around, and told them 
about the Christian rehgion. 

Many of them came to beheve in it. 

Among these was a chief named Ta-yac. 

He hved far away from St. Mary's. 

When Father White first went to his 
tribe, Ta-yac was very ill. 

None of the Indian doctors could cure 
hun. 

Father White gave him some medicine, 
and he got well. 

After that he tried to please the priest in 
every way. 

He and his wife became Christians. 

They wished to be baptized. 

A little chapel was built of bark. 



104 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

All the Indians of the tribe came to see 
the baptism. 

Many of the white men came with Gov- 
ernor Calvert from St. Mary's. 

Ta-yac, the queen, and their two children 
were then baptized. 

They were given English names. 

Ta-yac was named Charles, and the 
queen was named Mary. 

They were very proud of their new names. 

Don't you wish we knew what names 
they gave the children? 

Soon after this Ta-yac sent his little 
daughter to St. Mary's. 

He wished her to learn to live as the 
white people did. 



Chapter XXII. 

The white people at St. Mary's did not 
quarrel among themselves as those at 
Jamestown did. 

They all worked hard and lived happily 
together. 

Trouble, however, was coming. 

The king had given land to Lord Balti- 
more which the Virginians thought was 
theirs. 

Each claimed an island in Chesapeake 
Bay, called Kent Island. 

There was a little settlement on this 
island. 

105 



106 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

The people there traded with the Indi- 
ans, and earned a good deal of money. 

The chief person in the settlement was a 
man named Clayborne. 

He said the king had given the island to 
him. 

He wished to be under the rule of 
Virginia. 

Governor Calvert said the island be- 
longed to Maryland. 

He tried to reason with Clayborne about 
it. 

Clayborne would not listen to him. 

Then Governor Calvert said Clayborne 
must give up the island. 

Clayborne said he would not. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 107 

Some Kent Island people were out in 
their boat one day. 

Governor Calvert's men followed them. 

There was a battle, and several men 
were killed. 

At last the Kent Islanders had to give up. 

They then said they were willing to 
belong to Maryland. 

Clayborne, however, went to England, 
and told his story to the king. 

At first the king sided with him, but 
after a while he thought Maryland should 
own the island. 

Then Clayborne came back to America, 
but for many years he made trouble in 
Maryland. 



108 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Once he gained control of the country, 
and the governor was driven away. 

Clayborne and his friends were not good 
people. 

They took food from the colonists, and 
killed their cattle. 

They burned houses and destroyed 
property. 

The good priest, Father White, was 
made a prisoner and sent to England. 

At last Governor Calvert got his friends 
together and went back to Maryland. 

He soon drove away Clayborne and his 
followers. 

The colonists were glad to return to 
peaceful times again. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 109 

But this was not the end, for Clayborne 
was a determined man. 

Many years afterward he also came back 
to Maryland. 

Governor Calvert was dead, and a man 
named Stone was governor. 

There was a battle, and the Marylanders 
were beaten. 

Governor Stone was hurt, and several 
men were killed. 

The colony then went back to the old 
bad times again. 

The priests had to go away and live in 
huts in the forests. 

But, at last, Clayborne was driven away 
altogether, and there was no more trouble. 




Chapter XXIII. 

Away in the forest, many miles from St. 
Mary's, was an Indian village. 

Great trees were all around it, and 
narrow, winding paths led to it. 

It was on the bank of a river. 

Many canoes were tied along the shore. 

The houses were made of bark, and had 
no windows. 

no 



IN COLONIAL BAYS. m 

Inside each house was a fireplace. 

As there was no chimney, the smoke 
from the fire went out the door. 

There was not much else in the houses 
except the fireplaces. 

Indians do not use chairs and tables as 
we do. 

In the largest house lived the chief of 
the tribe. 

This chief had several children. 

One little daughter he loved best of all. 

I do not know what her name was, so we 
will call her the little Princess. 

She was a pretty little girl, with straight 
black hair, and black eyes. 

Her skin was of a reddish brown color. 







c-o o e 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 11} 

Her clothes would look strange to us, but 
the Indians thought them very pretty. 

She had one dress of beaver skin, which 
was soft and warm. 

A fawn skin dress was smooth and 
glossy, though not as warm as the beaver. 

Her warm cloak was made of feathers. 

She had bead necklaces and bracelets. 

Her feet were covered with moccasins 
made of soft skins. 

The chief meant his little daughter to be 
queen of the tribe after his death. 

He wished to have her very carefully 
brought up. 

The Indian women would teach her all 
they knew. 



114 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



They would teach her to weave baskets 
from thin strips of wood or bark. 

She would learn to scrape the ground 
with a sharp stick, and to plant corn. 




INDIAN BASKETS 



Then she must know how to grind corn 
into meal between two stones. 

The women would teach her to miix the 
meal with water, make it into balls and 
fry it. 

This was the chief food of the tribe. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. Il5 

These Indian women made all the clodi- 
ing they wore. 

Our little Princess would have to do that. 

Then they made belts of wampum out of 
bits of oyster and clam shells. 




The shells had to be broken first, for 
only a little of each one was used. 

It took a long time to make a wampum 
belt. 

Our little Princess would not do that 
until she was older. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 117 

There were many other things for her to 
learn. 

But she always had plenty of time to 
play out-of-doors. 

She could climb a tree like a squirrel, 
and could swmi like a fish. 

She could set snares for rabbits, and 
could catch fish with a net. 

She could run like a deer, and could 
paddle a canoe. 

She was a healthy, happy little girl. 

One day she was on the bank of the river. 

Away down the stream she saw a strange 
canoe. 

As it came nearer, she saw it was of a 
different shape from those of the Indians. 



118 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Indian canoes are made of bark, or are 
hollowed out of the trunk of a tree. 

This one was made from strips of 
wood. 




In the canoe were three people. 

One was an Indian, but the other two 
had white faces. 

The little Princess had never seen such 
people before. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 119 

She ran to tell her father, for she was 
afraid. 

Her father told her not to be frightened; 
he had heard of these men before. 

He went down to the shore and wel- 
comed the strangers. 

Many of the Indians came out of their 
houses. 

They, too, had heard of the white men, 
but had never seen them. 

The strangers, the two white men and 
the Indian, walked to the chief's house. 

One of the white men was Father White, 
the good priest. 

The other was a boatman. 

The Indian came with them to tell 



120 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

other Indians what the white people 
said. 

Father White stayed in the village sev- 
eral days. 

The chief was glad to have him, and 
listened to everything he said. 

The little Princess also liked to have him 
talk to her. 

He told her of the white children at St. 
Mary's. 

The things they did seemed strange to 
her. 

After this. Father White often came to 
the village. 

The chief and many of the Indians be- 
came Christians. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 121 

Then something happened to the httle 
Princess. 

One morning she rose early and put on 
her best dress. 

Then she said good-bye to her mother, 
brothers and sisters. 

She did not kiss them, for Indians never 
do that. 

Her father was waiting for her at the 
river's bank. 

They got into a canoe and paddled off 

Where do you think they were going ? 

The father was taking his little daughter 
to St. Mary's. 

He wanted Father White to have the 
care of her. 








THEY GOT INTO A CANOE AND PADDLED OFF 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 123 

She was to be brought up like a white 
girl. 

Her father thoug^ht she would then make 
a better queen for her people. 

I wonder if the little Princess wanted to 
leave her home. 

She was only seven years old. 

Perhaps she was too young to think 
much about it. 

When they reached St. Mary's, the 
chief took the little Princess to Father 
White. 

The priest had found a pleasant home 
for her. 

She was to live with Mrs. Margaret 
Brent. 



124 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Mrs. Brent was a cousin of Governor 
Calvert. 

She was a very kind woman. 

Everything seemed strange to the httle 
Princess. 

In the first place she was given a new 
name. 

No one called her by her Indian name. 

She was Mary Brent, now. 

Her Indian dress was laid away, too. 

She was dressed as the white children 
were. 

In those days, children's clothes were 
made just like those of grown people. 

So Mary Brent wore queer little long 
dresses. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 125 

Her waist was drawn in with stays, to 
make it small. 

Her straight black hair was combed up 
hio^h on her head. 

There was no place at St. Mary's to buy 
clothes. 

Mrs. Brent sent to England for Mary's 
things. 

As she was a princess she had very rich 
dresses, I suppose. 

They were made of silk and velvet, and 
trimmed with lace. 

She had fine silk stockings and soft thin 
shoes. 

At first she did not like her new 
clothes. 



126 



m COLONIAL DAYS. 



They seemed stiff and uncomfortable to 
her. 

It was hard for her to stay in a house, 
for she had lived much out-of-doors. 




Chapter XXIV. 

There were many things \n Mrs. Brent's 
house of which the Princess did not know 
the use. 

In her own home there were no chairs 
and tables, no mirrors, no silver ware, and 
no china dishes. 

The little Prmcess had never before seen 
a bedstead with its white cover, blankets 
and sheets. 

Her food seemed strange to her, and she 
could not eat it at first. 

I think she must have been a poor home- 
sick little girl. 



128 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

She was anxious to please her father, so 
she tried to do right. 

Mrs. Brent was knid to her and treated 
her hke a daughter. 

She took her to pay visits, dressed in her 
fine clothes. 

They usually went by water, with ser- 
vants to row the boat. 

Wherever they went, Mary was treated 
kindly. 

She made many friends among the white 
children. 

Mrs. Brent often asked the white chil- 
dren to visit her. 

After a time the strangeness wore away, 
and Mary grew to seem like a white girl. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 129 

She learned to sew nicely, to cook, and 
to keep a house in order. 

Perhaps she was taught to read and 
write. 

Most girls were not taught very much 
from books at that time. 

Mary was to be a queen some day, so 
she may have studied hard. 

Every day she went to church, and the 
priests spent much time with her. 

They wished her to be able to tell her 
people all about the Christian religion. 

Her father often came to see her, and 
was pleased with her. 

At last she grew to be a woman, and was 
married. 



130 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

She married an Englishman, just as 
Pocahontas did. Soon after this, Mary's 
father died. 

Then every one thought Mary would be 
queen of the tribe. 

I think the life of an Indian woman 
would have seemed strange and hard to 
her. 

She had lived at St. Mary's for so many 
years. 

Well, she didn't have to try it. 

The tribe would not have her for a 
queen. 

They said it was against their laws for a 
chief to leave the tribe to his son or 
daughter. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. I3l 

The brother or sister of the dead chief 
should rule. 

So they chose Mary's uncle for their 
chief 

This made much trouble for Mary. 

The priests were disappointed, for they 
had thouo^ht she could do so much raod 
among her people. 

Mrs. Brent was sorry, for she had taught 
Mary very carefully. 

She had hoped Mary would teach other 
Indians girls in the same way. 

But worst of all, was Mary's English 
husband. 

He had thought it a fine thing to marry 
an Indian princess. 



132 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Some time he thought he would help 
her to rule her tribe. 

When he found that she was just like 
any other Indian girl, he didn't care for 
her. 

And Mary herself? 

I don't know how she felt. 

Perhaps she thought she would be just 
as happy at St. Mary's. 

She may have lived with the white 
people for the rest of her life. 

Or perhaps she went back to her own 
people and did what good she could. 

Poor little princess. It is a sad story, I 
thmk. 



THE CAROLINAS. 

CHAPTER XXV. 

You remember the story of the Lost 
Colony and Httle Virginia Dare. 

That colony was left on Roanoke Island. 

Many years before, the French had also 
tried to make a settlement not far from that 
place. 

A small company came from France 
with Jean Ribaut for a leader. 

They sailed along the coast of what is 
now South Carolina. 

After they landed, they built a fort. 

Around it they put up some little houses. 

Their town was called Port Royal. 

Ribaut (re-bo') 133 



134 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

At this time, Charles IX. was king of 
France. 

The colonists named their new home 
Carolma m honor of their kmg. 

When the houses were built, Ribaut 
went back to France for supplies. 

The colonists should then have gone to 
work planting corn. 

Instead of that, like the Englishmen, they 
spent all their time hunting for gold. 

Now we know there is no grold in this 
part of America. 

They did not know it then, and people 
were always looking for it. 

At first the Indians were very kind to 
the colonists. 



TN COLONIAL BAYS. 135 

They thought white people were children 
of the sun. 

They were glad to carry food to the 
fort. 

The colonists were disappointed, how- 
ever, when they found no gold. 

Soon they quarrelled among themselves, 
and killed their leader. 

They begged food of the Indians for a 
long time. 

At last the Indians would orive them no 
more. 

They had nothing then to eat but roots 
and a few fish. 

Was it not fortunate there were no 
women or children with them? 



136 



IN COLONIAL BAYS. 



Every day they looked for Ribaut, but 
he did not come. 

Then they built a crazy sort of boat. 

They took what food they could get and 
went to sea. 




They sailed for days and days. 

Their food soon gave out, and some of 
them died of hunger. 

At last an English vessel picked them 
up, and carried them to England. 

They were very thankful to reach any 
land once more. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 137 

Not long after this, another colony of 
Frenchmen came out. 

They landed farther down the coast than 
the first one 

A colony of Spaniards was not far away. 

The Spaniards hated the French people, 
and thought all the land belonged to them. 

One day they marched upon the French 
colony and killed almost every one. 

It was many years before any other 
white people tried to live in the Carolinas. 




QUAKERS 



Chapter XXVI, 



You remember that in 1607 Jamestown 
was settled. 

After a few years, Virginia became a 
thriving colony. 

Most of the people were happy and 
contented. 



las 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 139 

There were some, however, who were 

uneasy. 

They did not Hke to obey all the laws of 

the colony. 

There was one law which said every one 
must go to church. 

Those who did not go were punished. 

A number of Quakers went to Virginia 

to live. 

They did not believe just as the Virgin- 
ians did. 

They wanted to go to their own church. 

The Virginians would not let them. 

First the Quakers were fined, then they 
were whipped. 

At last they were driven out of the colony. 



140 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Where could thev to? 

Massachusetts did not want Quakers, for 
they had just come from there. 

They could not go back to England, for 
the king of England wanted every one to 
oo to the same church. 

There was nothing left but to go where 
there were no white people and no laws. 

So they started out into the wilder- 
ness. 

With their wives and children, they went 
toward the South. 

The leader of the company was Roger 
Greene. 

Very likely, people who were not Quakers 
went with them. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 141 

They traveled for days through the 
forests. 

There were no roads and it was hard to 
make a way, so they went very slowly. 

At night they built a great fire, and 
cooked their food. 

Then they went to sleep. 

Some one always had to watch, as the In- 
dians might creep on them in the darkness. 

There were also many wild animals in 
the woods, but the camp-fires would keep 
them away. 

In the early morning the colonists would 
start again. 

What a lonely journey it must have been. 

At last the end was reached. 



142 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



The land around Albemarle Sound was 
very fertile. 




SOME ONE ALWAYS HAD TO WATCH 



The Indians were willing to sell it. So 
the white people settled there. 

This was the beginning of North Caro- 
lina. It was in the year 1653. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 143 

Now every one was busy clearing land, 
and building houses. 

They did not settle near together, so no 
town was built. 




THERE WERE ALSO MANY WILD ANIMALS 



After this others came from Virmnia. 
Sometimes a number of families came 
together. 

Again, one family alone would come. 



144 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

All of these people were not good set- 
tlers, however. 

Many of them had been forced to leave 
Virginia for doing wrong. 

Some came because they liked to travel 
about. 

A few, like the Quakers, came to make 
homes for themselves. 

Such people became the chief men of the 
colony. 

The others were always quarrelling 
among themselves. 

As time went on, they made much 
trouble in the colony. 



Chapter XXVII. 

Just north of South America is an island 
called Barbadoes. 

It belongs to England and many English 
people live there. 

Many years ago it was an important 
place. 

We do not hear much about it now. 

The climate is hot, and at some seasons 
is unhealthy. 

In 1663, a number of people in Barba- 
does thought they would go to a more 
healthy country. 

They had heard of the Carolinas, and 
thought they would like to go there. 

145 



146 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

A party set out to explore the country. 

As they sailed up the rivers, the Indians 
came down to the banks. 

Most of them had seen white people 
before. 

They were friendly, however, to the ex- 
plorers. 

On the shore of the Cape Fear River a 
settlement had been made. 

Some New England people had lived 
there for three years. 

They had come to the Carolinas to raise 
cattle. 

The cattle thrived well, but the people 
did not. 

They had trouble with the Indians. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 147 

It is said that they did not treat the 
Indians fairly. 

They took Indian children and sent them 
to New England. 

They said the children would go to 
school there. 

But really, it was believed, that the poor 
little savages were sold for slaves! 

No wonder there was trouble between 
the white people and the Indians. 

The New Englanders soon left the 
country. 

On a paper, they wrote that the land 
was very poor. 

They fastened this paper to a post. 

The Barbadoes people found it there. 



148 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



They did not agree with the New Eng- 
landers. 

They thought it a beautiful and fertile 
country. 




It was just the place for a colony, they 
said. 

So they went back to Barbadoes with a 
good report. 

A company soon came and made a set- 
tlement. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. I49 

It was on the Cape Fear River, and was 
called Charleston. 

They lived here for some time, but at 
last went up to live with the Quakers. 

The Quaker settlement was farther north, 
you know. 

There is no trace left of this first town (A 
Charleston. 



Chapter XXVIII. 

Charles II. was king of England at this 
time. 

He had many friends, and liked to give 
them presents. 

A tract of land in America was thought 
a very good gift. 

Charles heard of the Carolinas. 

Colonies, it was said, could easily be 
formed there. 

The land was fertile, and much money 
could be made from crops. 

People no longer expected to pick up 
gold everywhere in America. 

150 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 151 

Charles gave the Carohnas to a party of 
his friends. 

They had heard of the settlements al- 
ready there. 

A good beginning had been made, they 
thought. 

At this time, Sir John Teamans was 
governor at Cape Fear. 

The company sent to him to find a good 
place for a new colony. 

He took three vessels, and sailed toward 
the South. 

The land along the coast was very low 
and sandy. 

He sailed up several rivers and found 
the soil fertile. 



152 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Wherever he went the Indians seemed 
friendly. 

One chief asked him to visit his tribe in 
the forest. 




The chief said he would like to have the 
white people live near him. 

At last Governor Teamans reached Port 
Royal. That was where Ribaut's colony 
had been. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 153 

Governor Teamans thought it a good 
place for a colony. 

The company in England was pleased 
with his story. 

They began at once to plan a settlement 
at Port Royal. 

The men of this company were all 
rich. 

They were able to spend much money 
on their colony. 

Those people who could not afford to 
pay for their journey could go free. 

The colonists at last set out in three 
ships. 

This was in i 667. 

The voyage was long and hard. 



154 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



One ship was lost on the way. 
The colonists were very glad when at 
last they reached Port Royal. 





Chapter XXIX. 

The Indian chief could not have been 
honest with Sir John Teamans. 

He said the white people could live in 
his country. 

But when the white people came, the 
Indians were very unfriendly. 

The colonists had a hard time. 

It seemed as if it was harder for them 
than it. had been for the Jamestown colo- 
nists. 

You know, at first, there were only men 
in the Jamestown colony. 

These people at Port Royal had brought 
their wives and children. 



155 




THEY HAD TO BE CUT POWN 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 157 

The country was all covered with a thick 
forest of trees. 

These had to be cut down before the 
houses could be built. 

Half of the company worked at this, while 
the other half had to watch for Indians. 

Another thing, the climate of South 
Carolina is very hot, and the colonists were 
not used to anything like it. 

Many were overcome with heat. 

Then the work was so hard and new to 
them that some of them became ill. 

Worse still, they hardly dared to sleep at 
night for fear of Indians. 

Some one must always be on the look 
out. 




cr 



r. ,', -o 









^-Tv-^- fv:" (g^ 



:-':-'^ 




THE " BLESSING " 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



They all tried to be brave, and hoped 
for better times. piU^ 

They planted plenty of grain, but before 
it was ripe their food became very scarce. 

For a long time they 4«=ed on_the fish 
which they caught. ^*^^ 

It seemed as if their grain would never 
be ready to harvest. 

One day a sail was seen approaching. 

At first they thought it might be a 
Spanish ship. 

The Spaniards often attacked settlements 
near the coast. 

The people expected to be killed. 

How glad they were when they saw an 
English flag flying from the mast. 



160 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

It was the ship " Blessing," sent to them 
with suppHes and men. 

It must have seemed a blessing, indeed, 
to the starving colonists. 



Chapter XXX. 

The people on the "Blessing" brought 
orders from the company in England. 

A town was to be started at once. 

It was to be called Charleston, for the 
king. 

They settled on a place for their town, 
but afterward changed it. 

In the new place, they built houses and 
a church. 

This town was the beginning of the city 
of Charleston. 

The colonists found it hard to make their 
town succeed. 



161 



1(52 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

In the first place, there was often trouble 
with the Spaniards. 

They were settled in Florida, not very 
far away. 

They often attacked the colonists at 
Charleston. 

Then, in 1696, a number of serious 
troubles befell the town. 

At that time, there were many wicked 
men on the sea. 

They were called pirates and attacked 
vessels. 

If a ship was going home with a rich 
cargo, the pirates were sure to attack it. 

They would kill the sailors, and take the 
treasures. 



IN COLONIAL BAYS. 163 

Then they would sail to some shel- 
tered place to divide what they had 
taken. 




For many years these pirates visited the 
shores of the Carollnas. 



164 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



The people of the colonies were not all 
good, you know. 

Some of them were willing to share with 
the pirates. 




If they were given a part of the treasure, 
they made no trouble. 

Once the pirates were angry with the 
Charleston people. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 165 

They attacked the town, and burned sev- 
eral vessels in the harbor, and many people 
were killed. 

In the same year, a fearful storm did 
much damas^e to the settlers. 

The coast of Carolina is very low. 

During the storm the sea came up over 
the land, and washed away houses, people 
and animals. 

More than half of Charleston was de- 
stroyed. 

Still worse, before the houses could 
be rebuilt, there was a great fire in the 
city. 

Many people lost their lives while trying 
to save their homes. 



166 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

There was yet one more misfortune for 
the city. 

While the people were trying to make 
the best of things, a dreadful sickness broke 
out. It carried off men, women and chil- 
dren. 

Should you think any one would have 
been left in the city? 

There must have been, for the houses 
were soon rebuilt, and everything went on 
as before. 



Chapter XXXI. 

After Charleston was settled, people came 
from many countries to South Carolina. 

Before many years there were French, 
German, Swiss and Scotch people in the 
colony. 

A company came from Dorchester, in 
Massachusetts. 

Their leader was Mr. Lord, a minister. 

They built a town, which they called 
Dorchester, for their old home. 

They did not like South Carolina, how- 
ever, and after a while went to Georgia. 

Here they built another town. They 
named it Dorchester, too. 

167 




A SWISS MAIDEN 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. . 169 

The people who came from Switzerland 
were very unhappy. 

You know Switzerland is a mountainous 
country. 

The air is clear and cold, but it is hard 
to earn a living there. 

Some of the Swiss people heard of the 
Carolmas. 

They thought it must be a beautiful 
country. 

It would be easy to get money there, for 
the soil was so fertile. 

So these people sold their little homes 
among the mountains. 

They took what money they had, and 
came across the sea. 



170 IN COLONIAL DATS. 

They all settled In one place, and went 
to work. 

But how homesick they were. 

The low, sandy country seemed terrible 
to them. 

They longed for their mountains. 

The hot sun scorched them, and the soft 
air took away their strength. 

They tried to raise silk worms and set 
out many mulberry trees. 

But nothing went well with them, for 
they were all so sad. 

Many died from homesickness, and 
others from the effects of the climate. 

The settlement broke up after a short 
time. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 171 

Some of the people joined other settle- 
ments. 

Most of them went back to Switzerland. 

The French people, however, prospered 
in South Carolina. 

We will read of them in the next story. 



Chapter XXXII. 

I have told you that people thought 
much about religion \n those days. 

In France, the king and the rulers were 
Catholics. 

Some of the people, however, were Prot- 
estants and were called Huguenots. 

The king wished all French men to be 
Catholics. 

But many of the Huguenots would not 
chano^e their reliorion. 

The king said they should be punished. 

Still they would not change, and many 
of them went to the forests at night and 
had meetino^s. 

172 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 173 

If the king's soldiers knew of this, they 
would not allow it. 

They would kill or imprison all who went. 

At last, the Huguenots thought they must 
leave France. 

They did not want to do this, for it was 
their home. 

They loved its sunny, vine covered hills. 

They loved their old friends and neigh- 
bors. 

It would be hard to leave it all. 

When the king heard that they meant to 
leave, he said they should not. 

He set his soldiers to watch every road. 

Think how hard it was for these poor 
people. 



174 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

They could not stay in peace, and they 
could not leave. 

But the soldiers could not watch every 
little path. 

Many paths wound over the mountains 
and through deep forests. 

A number of Huguenots escaped over 
these by-ways. 

They did not go in large companies, for 
the soldiers might see them. 

A few went at a time. 

Sometimes a father would take one or 
two children and start. 

He would tell his wife to meet him at a 
certain place. 

Then he would take one of the nar- 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 175 

row paths, and follow it over the moun- 
tains. 

In a few days the wife would start, taking 
the rest of the children by a different way. 

If the soldiers did not catch them the 
family would unite at last. 

It might be after weeks, or even months, 
of travel. 

They would meet at some place outside 
of France. 

Many Huguenots went to England. 

In 1685, a party came to America. 

There were about five hundred in all. 

They landed in South Carolina. 

How happy they must have been to 
reach a safe place. 




HUGUENOTS ESCAPI.NC 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 177 

Now they could worship as they pleased. 
No one would trouble them. 

Most of them settled in Charleston, and 
helped to make it a fine city. 

They built a church, and many beautiful 
houses. 

The next year a larger company came 
over. 

They made new settlements not far from 
Charleston. 

The Huguenots were sober, industrious 
people. 

They knew how to make silk and wine. 

They were a great help to the colony, 
and to-day many of their descendants are 
still living in South Carolina. 




Chapter XXXIII. 



When South CaroHna was first settled, 
the people tried to raise silk worms. 

The climate was not quite right for this 
work, so it was given up. 

Then they tried to raise olives, but the 
trees did not flourish. 

Then they set out great vmeyards, and 
thought they would make wine. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



179 



But grapes did not seem to be just the 
right crop, either. 

One day a ship from Mada- 
gascar, on its way to England, 
stopped at Charleston. 

The captain had a little bag of 
rice seed. 

He thouorht rice mio^ht be made 
to grow in Carolina, so he gave 
the seed to the governor, whose 
name was Smith. 

Governor Smith divided the 
seed among four of his friends. 
Now, rice needs a hot, moist 
climate, and it must be raised on wet 
land. 



180 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Much of the time it needs to be under 
water. 

South CaroHna happened to be just the 
right place for it. 

The cHmate is hot and moist, and the 
land is so low as to be easily flooded. 

The friends of the governor planted their 
seed. 

They were surprised at the crop which 
came from it. 

There was one drawback, however. 

Rice needs a great deal of care; people 
have to stand in the water for hours tend- 
ing it. 

White people cannot do this. 

They soon sicken and die. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 181 

Negroes, who are used to a hot cHmate, 
do not mind it so much. 

There were some negro slaves in the 
CaroHnas already. 

Many more were bought, and everybody 
began to raise rice. 

It did not grow so well in North Caro- 
lina. 

There the people raised tobacco. 

Now that just the right crops were 
found, these colonies prospered well. 



Chapter XXXIV. 

In South Carolina, Charleston was the 
only large city. 

Most of the planters lived there. 

They had great brick houses, finely fur- 
nished. 

Their furniture and clothinor were brouofht 
from Eno^land. 

The people went to church every Sunday. 

They amused themselves on week days 
in different ways. 

Some people went to horse races, or 
went hunting. 

183 




GOING TO THE BALL 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 185 

Others went to balls and parties. 

Life was very gay indeed. 

The ladies wore beautiful dresses, and 
did no work. 

There were so many slaves, that the 
white people did not need to work. 

The children did not go to school in the 
Carolinas. 

There were no schools, so they couldn't. 

They were taught at home by teachers 
who came from England. 

As soon as the boys were old enough 
they were sent to England to school. 

The girls did not study books very 
much. 

They were taught to sing and play on 



186 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

musical instruments, and to embroider and j 

I 

paint. ! 

There was one girl, however, who learned j 
to do useful thinors. 

I 

I will tell you about this little girl by 
and by. 

In North Carolina there were no large ; 
towns. j 

The people lived on plantations far from | 

I 

each other. i 

The c^reat house of the owner was sur- I 

rounded by little houses. 

The slaves lived in these, and did all the 

work on the plantations. ! 

The people did not go to church, for ! 

I 
there were no churches to go to. ' 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 187 

The Quakers were the first to come to- 
gether for meetings. 

There were no schools in North Carohna 
either. 

I suppose the children were taught as 
they were in South Carolina. 

The children must have been very lonely 
at times. 

\ou see, there were no schools, no 
churches, and no neighbors. 

How glad they must have been if a 
stranger happened to come their way. 

It would give them something to think 
about for days. 

I don't know what they did when they were 
sick, as there were no doctors in the colony. 



188 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Perhaps everybody was well. 

In those early days, North Carolina 
could not have been a very comfortable 
place to live in. 

As time went on, however, thmgs grew 
better, and at last it came to be a strong and 
prosperous State. 



Chapter XXXV. 



Now I am going to tell you of Eliza 



Lu 



cas. 



She was the g^irl who learned to do useful 
things. 

The Carolinas had been settled for more 
than fifty years, when she was born. 

There were many people in the colony. 

Plantations were scattered along the 
banks of all the rivers. 

The owners of most of these lived in 
Charleston. 

Their plantations were managed by over- 
seers. 

All the work was done by negroes. 

lay 



190 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Eliza's father had become governor of an 
island near South America. 

Eliza was a young girl, only eighteen or 
twenty years old. 

She did not care to live in Charleston 
and go to balls and parties. 

She liked to live on the plantation and 
look after it. 

Rice and tobacco, you remember, were 
the most important crops. 

Eliza saw that the work of raismg them 
on her father's plantation was done properly. 

She liked to try to raise other things also. 

So her father sent her seeds and plants 
from his island. 

Some of them t/rew and some did not. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 191 

She raised cotton and ginger, and grapes 
for raisins. 

She also set out an orchard of oak trees. 

These would help to 
build ships some time, 
she thought. 

Then she raised silk- 
worms and made beauti- 
ful silk. 

But the best thing she 

tried was to raise indigo. 

This is the plant from 

'ND.Go which bluing is made-. 

At that time it was not raised as far north 

as South Carolma. 

It was a very valuable crop. 





SHE PLANTED THE SEEDS 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 193 

Eliza's father had sent her some seeds of 
the indigo plant. 

She planted the seeds, and they came up 
well, but a frost cut them down. 

So next year Eliza planted more seed, 
and agam it came up. 

But this time worms ate the plants. 

How disappointed she must have been. 

Still she tried arain. 

The third time all went well, and she had 
a fine crop. 

It was very hard, however, to make the 
bluino^. 

Eliza did not know exactly how to do it. 

Her father then sent a man from his 
island to teach her. 



194 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

This man looked over her field, and 
saw that South Carolina was just the place 
to raise indigo. 

But he felt afraid that his island would 
lose some of its trade in indig^o. 

So he did not show Eliza the right way 
to prepare the bluing. 

I don't know how she found this out, but 
she did at last. 

Then she made him do the work properly. 

She watched him carefully and learned 
just how he did it. 

Not long after this Eliza was married to 
a Mr. Pinckney. 

Her father then gave her all the indigo 
plants on his plantation. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 195 

She took them to her new home, and some 
she set out herself, others she gave away. 

Soon, many people in the colony were 
raising indigo. 

It was one of the best crops they had for 
many years. 

It was worth much money. 

A load of it would pay for a year at 
college. 

It would buy furniture and clothing. 

By raising it, the colony grew very wealthy. 

Eliza must have been glad that she 
planted the seeds. 

No one raises indigo in South Carolina 
now, as cotton is a more valuable crop. 

But Indigo was very valuable in those days. 



GEORGIA. i 

CHAPTER XXXVI. 

Poor people used to have a hard time in j 

j 

Eno-land. i 

Work in those days was apt to be scarce, 

and wao^es were low. 1 

If a man had a large family, he could \ 

not always earn enough to buy food and 

clothing. 

Then he had to run in debt. 

If the debts were not paid, the law said 

{ 

he must go to prison. j 

These prisons were dreadful places to ; 
live in. 



196 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 197 

Many of the prisoners were sent there, 
for a tmie, for doine somethino" wicked. 

The poor debtors, however, had to stay 
in prison until their debts were paid. 

And there was no way of earning money 
in prison. 

Unless his friends paid his debts, a 
debtor might stay m prison for years and 
years. 

Now, there is nothing wicked about be- 
ing poor. 

Because a man has been unfortunate, it 
does not seem right to lock him up in 
prison. 

For a long time, no one in England 
thought anything about this. 



198 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



At last, a man named James Oglethorpe 
visited the prisons. 




OGLETHORPE 



He saw the good people and the bad 
huddled in tog^ether. 

It did not seem right to him at all. 

If these poor debtors had a chance, 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 199 

they would be glad to earn money, he 
thought. Then they could pay their debts. 

Oglethorpe was a good, kind man. 

He had many friends and was much 
respected by them. 

He told his friends about the prisons he 
had seen, and about the poor debtors. 

He and his friends thought they would 
ask the king for some land in America. 

Then they would take a company of 
poor people from the prisons, and form a 
colony there. 

The people would thus have a chance 
to support themselves. 

Only good and kind men would have 
thought of such a plan. 



200 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Oglethorpe wrote to the king, telHng him 
what they wished to do. 

King George, who was then king of 
England, was pleased with the idea, and 
gave them some land. 

It was between South Carolina and 
Florida. 

It was to be named Georgia, in honor 
of the king. 



Chapter XXXVII. 

As Oglethorpe and his friends were rich, 
they could afford to start such a colony. 

The poor people would have to have 
their debts paid, and be taken to America 
without paying anything. 

You may be sure there was no trouble in 
finding people enough for the colony. 

In a short time, thirty-five families were 
ready to start. 

Only honest, upright people were taken. 

How glad they must have been to begin 
life in a new country, free from debt. 

They sailed in the ship "Anne" in 1732. 



2U1 



202 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

This was a long time after the settlement 
of Virmnia. 

There were now many English Colonies 
along the coast. 

Georgia made the thirteenth one. 

All the men on the "Anne" knew how 
to work. 

There were carpenters, bricklayers and 
farmers amongr them. 

Oglethorpe came with them to be their 
governor. 

He and his friends had bought all 
sorts of farming tools for the use of the 
colony. 

No company had ever left England with 
such good supplies. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 203 

All went well on the voyage, except for 
one thinor. 

There were two feeble little children in 
the party. 

The journey was too hard for them. 
They died and were buried at sea. 

At last the vessel reached Charleston, 
where the party was to stay for a few 
days. 

When they had anchored in the harbor, 
Oglethorpe called every one on deck. 
Then they gave thanks to God for their 
safe journey. 

After this, Oglethorpe went on shore to 
meet the governor of South Carolina. 

The governor's name was Johnson. 



204 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

He and the Charleston people were very 
kind to the settlers. 

They gave the newcomers cattle and 
hogs to take to Georgia. 

In Charleston lived a man named Col. 
William Bull, who had traveled about in 
the forests, trading with the Indians. 

He had visited the country which be- 
longed to Oglethorpe and his friends. 

Governor Johnson thought Colonel Bull 
would be a help to Oglethorpe. 

So when the "Anne" sailed for Georgia, 
Colonel Bull went with the colonists. 

As the Indians might make trouble with 
the newcomers, the governor also sent a 
company ol soldiers with the vessel. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 20-t ; 

The town of Beaufort, in South CaroHna, 
is not far Irom Georma. 

When the vessel reached this place, the '■ 

people all landed. 

Then Oglethorpe and Bull went to find 
a good place for a settlement. 1 

On the banks of the Savannah River, 
they found just the right spot. 

Around it were great forests of pnies, oaks 
and magnolias. 

i 

In front, at the foot of a high bluff, j 

flowed the river, which was deep enough to 
float large vessels. 

The soil was fertile and the climate warm. i 

No better place for a town could have 
been found. 




Chapter XXXVIII. 

Now Oglethorpe went back to Beaufort 
for the colonists. 

They were taken to their new home in 
small boats. 

Tents were put up to be used until they 
could build houses. 

The climate was so warm that they were 
very comfortable in the tents. 

Then Oglethorpe called them together. 



206 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 207 

They had passed in safety through a 
long journey. 

Kind friends had greeted them on reach- 
ing land. 

Much help had been given them in 
carrying out their plans. 

And last of all, they had found a pleas- 
ant home in the wilderness. 

For all these mercies they should feel 
grateful. 

It was right, he said, to set apart a day 
for giving thanks to God. 

The people agreed with Oglethorpe. 

The next day they did not work, but 
spent their time in prayer. 

After that, everyone took hold with a will. 



208 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Oglethorpe divided die men into com- 
panies. 

One company felled trees, another built 







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houses, and a third made the ground ready 
for planting. 

Before the houses were built, however, 
they put up a fort. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 209 

Then they had a place of refuge from the 
Indians. 

Oglethorpe worked as hard as any one, 
first with one company, then with an- 
other. 

He laid out streets and planned houses. 

They named their town Savannah from 
the river which ran in front of it. 

Every one had to keep busy all day, so 
there was no time to be homesick. 

But, at night, the little town must have 
seemed very lonely. 

The Carolina settlements were far away. 

All about them were Indians. 

A few miles to the South were the 
Spanish settlements. 



210 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

The Spaniards were more dangerous 
than the Indians. 

They might creep upon the tiny Enghsh 
settlement at any time and destroy it. 

The children, at least, must have thought 
of their English homes. 

Perhaps the older people, too, sometimes 
wished themselves back again. 

Thev all had to make the best of it, 
however. 

Every day Oglethorpe took out a company 
of men and had them drill as soldiers do. 

They drilled very well, indeed, and 
Oglethorpe was proud of them. 

He wanted them to be in good condition 
to defend their homes at any time. 



Chapter XXXIX. 

As the town was now well begun, Ogle- 
thorpe gave his time to a new plan. 

He wished to make friends with the 
Indians around them. 

In this he had help from an Indian 
woman named Mary. 

She had married a white man from South 
Carolina, who traded with the Indians. 

Mary could, of course, speak the Indian 
language. 

Her husband taught her to speak Eng- 
lish, too. 

Oglethorpe was glad to hear about her, 
and sent for her to come to Savannah. 



211 



212 IN COLONIAL BAYS. 

He asked her who was the most power- 
ful chief in that part of the country. 

She told him that Tom-o-chi-chi was a 
very wise and great man. 

So Oglethorpe sent for Tom-o-chi-chi, 
who seemed to be just what Mary had 
said. 

Tom-o-chi-chi heard Oglethorpe's story. 

He learned that the white people wished 
to be friendly with the Indians. 

He said there were many tribes in 
Georgia. 

Each tribe had a different chief. 

It would be a good plan for Oglethorpe 
to get the chiefs together. 

Then they could see what was best to do. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 213 

Oglethorpe sent a message by Tom-o- 
chi-chi to all the chiefs. 

They were asked to come to Savannah 
at a certain time. 

When the day came more than fifty 
chiefs appeared. 

Can't you imagine how the little white 
children looked at those Indians? 

They must have been dreadfully afraid, 
I think. 

Perhaps the little girls did not dare come 
out of their houses. 

Probably the men kept their guns handy. 

The Indians made no trouble, however. 

They sat around in a circle and listened 
to Oglethorpe. 




PEKHAl-S THE LMTLE GIRLS DID NOT DAKE COME OUT OF THEIR HOUSES 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 215 

Mary told them what he said. 

Oglethorpe first told them about Eng- 
land. 

It was a rich and powerful nation, he 
said. 

The English people were very wise. 

Then he told them that the white people 
in Savannah came from England. 

They wished to help the Indians, and to 
teach them to live like white people. 

They would teach the men to plough 
the ground and to plant many kinds of 
seeds. 

They would teach them to build houses. 

The women would learn to sew and 
cook. 



216 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



Perhaps the children would learn to 
read. 

He hoped the Indians would be friendly, 
and would let the white people live in their 
country. 







Chapter XL. 

The Indians listened until Oglethorpe 
had finished. 

Then Tom-o-chi-chi stood up. 

He said, "Here is a little present." 

Then he gave Oglethorpe a buffalo skin. 

On the inside was painted the head and 
feathers of an eagle. 

Tom-o-chi-chi said, "The eagle is swift 
and the buffalo is strong. 

" The English are as swfft as an eagle 
and strong as a buffalo. 

"The feathers are soft and the skin is 
warm. 

"That means love and protection. 

217 




TOM-0-CHl-CHl PRESENTING SKIN 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 219 



''The English will love and protect us." 

Was not that a pretty way to show their 
feeling toward the white people? 

When Tom-o-chi-chi had finished, he 
asked all the white men to visit his 
town. 

So the Indians and the white men went 
away together to Tom-o-chi-chi's town. 

Probably the litde Indian children 
thought the white men very strange. 

Perhaps they were afraid, as the white 
children had been a short time before. 

At Tom-o-chi-chi's town there was a 
great feast. 

The white men stayed all night, and the 
Indians danced and shouted. 




THE INDIANS DANCED AND SHOUTED 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 221 

The next day, Oglethorpe had a treaty 
ready to sign. 

By this treaty the Indians were to give 
up a part of their land to the colonists. 

The colonists were to pay a fair price 
for it. 

Mary told the Indians what was written 
in the treaty. 

Then it was signed by all the chiefs and 
the white men. 

The Indians could not write their names, 
of course. 

Probably each one made a mark, and 
some one wrote the name after the mark. 

When this was over, Oglethorpe gave 
the Indians many presents. 



222 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

Some of the thinors which he orave them 
may seem rather strange. 

You know the chmate of Georgia is very 
hot. 

The Indians did not wear many clothes. 

Oglethorpe gave to each chief a coat and 
hat trimmed with lace, and a fine shirt. 

The chiefs must have felt as fine as 
Powhatan did with his red cloak. 

They couldn't have found the clothes 
very comfortable, though. 

The Indian warriors also received pres- 
ents which must have pleased them. 

Each one was given a gun. 

Neither were the common Indians left 
out. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



22S 



Oglethorpe gave them coarse cloth for 
clothing. 

Besides these, each chief took home gifts 
to his tribe, such as pipes, knives, tobacco 
and cloth. 

Indeed, the Indians felt well paid for 
their land. 

And, best of all, the Indians and whites 
in Georgia were friendly for many years 
afterward. 




Chapter XLI. 

Everything went well with the colonists 
now. 

The men planted grain and set out grape 
vines. 

The women kept the houses in order and 
cooked the food. 

They often found time also to work out- 
of-doors with the men. 

One day the colonists saw a ship coming 
up the river. 

How gladly they welcomed it, as they 
knew it was bringing a company of people 
to settle among them. 

224 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 225 

These new settlers were not Enorlish, 
however. 

They came from a place in Germany 
called Salzburg. 

They were not poor people who had 
owed money, either. 

Some of them were well-to-do, but 
they had heard of the new colony of 
Georo^ia. 

So they asked Oglethorpe's friends for 
permission to go there. 

They were hard working, sober people. 

In any colony, such people are a help, so 
they were allowed to go. 

And the colonists at Savannah were glad 
to have them come. 



226 IN COLONIAL DAYS. i 

1 

When they saw the ship, the men hur- j 
ried to get the cannon ready to fire. 

The women began to cook a great | 
dinner. 

As the ship came to the wharf, the cannon '\ 
was fired. Everybody shouted "Huzza!" 

The Salzburgers, too, were glad to reach : 

land once more. : 

There were about seventy of them ; men, I 

women and children. j 

The Savannah people took them about ' 

I 

the town. j 

Then they all sat down to a good dinner. : 

In the afternoon they went to church. | 

They had brought their own ministers with | 

I 

them. ! 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 227 

The next day Oglethorpe took some of 
the Salzburgers up the river with him. 

They went to find a good place for a 
new town. 

Some miles above Savannah, a little creek 
flows into the river. 

Oglethorpe thought the new town might 
be built on this creek. 

They put up some houses before going 
back after the rest of the company. 

When these were finished, they went 
back to Savannah. 

The Savannah people helped to move 
their goods to the new town. 

Furniture, dishes and tools were given 
them, too. 



228 IN COLONIAL DAYS. < 

The Salzburgers were much pleased j 

with their new home. j 

They said it should be named Ebenezer. : 

That means " The Stone of Help." I 

After a while, however, they moved their | 

town to a different place, but it still kept the ! 

same name. : 

Soon after the Salzburo^ers there came 

another colony. They settled between | 

Savannah and Ebenezer. i 



Chapter XLII. 

Oglethorpe now thought it best for him 
to return to England. 

He wished to talk over many things with 
his friends there. 

He took several Indians with him. 

Among them were Tom-o-chi-chi, his 
wife, and his nephew. 

The nephew's name was To-van-a-ho-wi. 

What a wonderful journey this must have 
been to the Indians. 

The ship on which they sailed must have 
seemed a miracle to them. 

Then came the long days spent on the 
great waters without any land in sight. 

229 




THEN CAME LONG DAYS SfENT ON THE WATER 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 231 

When they reached London, what do 
you suppose they thought? 

The people must have seemed to them 
as plentiful as the trees in the forests at 
home. 

They must have wondered at the great 
high houses, and the strange furniture. 

At that time many men and women 
dressed very richly. 

The Indians probably were amazed at the 
sight of their fine clothes. 

Then, of course, the food was different 
from what they had at home. 

In every way, the visit must have been 
something to remember all their lives. 

They were taken to the king, who treated 



232 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 



them kindly, and gave them many presents. 

While in England there were pictures 

made of Tom-o-chi-chi and 1 o-van-a-ho-wi. 




Can't you think what strange stories 
To-van-a-ho-wi told the other Indian boys 
when he got home ? 

But the stories would be so very strange 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 233 

that it would be hard to make the boys 
beheve them. 

Then To-van-a-ho-wl could show the 
presents which the king gave him. 

They would have to believe then. 

Tom-o-chi-chi, too, had wonderful stories 
to tell of the power of the English nation. 

He, too, had presents, which showed how 
generous the English people were. 

He was never tired of telling about his 
visit to the king. 

Every Indian, from one end of Georgia 
to the other, heard the stories after a while. 

They were all convinced that the English 
meant only kindness to them. In return, 
they did all in their power for the English. 



Chapter XLIll. 

I have told you of the Spanish settlement 
at St. Augustine. 

You remember the story of the French- 
man, Ribaut, and his friends. 

They tried to form a colony on the coast 
of the Carolinas and were all killed by the 
Spaniards. 

That was many years before the settle- 
ment of Georma. 

The Spaniards, however, had been living 
at St Augustine ever since. 

They hated the English people who had 
formed colonies in America, just as much 
as they hated the French. 

234 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 235 

This new colony of Georgia was nearest 
to them of any. 

The Savannah settlers could not help 
being afraid of the Spaniards; they were so 
few against so many. 

So Oglethorpe thought he must have 
more people in Georgia. 

It would then be much safer for every 
one to live there. 

When he was in England he talked with 
his friends about it. 

They thought it would be well to form a 
settlement in the southern part of Georgia. 

That would be very near the Spaniards, 
and the settlers who went there would have 
to be very brave indeed. 




A HIGHLANDER 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 237 

The people who Hve in the Highlands of 
Scotland are said to be afraid of nothing. 

A soldier, named Lieut. Hugh Mackay, 
was sent to Scotland to talk with the High- 
landers about it. 

He was a Scotchman himself, and a very 
brave man. 

He went about among the Highlanders, 
telling them of the beautiful Georgia colony. 

Many of the Scotch people immediately 
wanted to go there, but he took only the 
strongest and bravest. 

In a short time he had a company of 
nearly two hundred. 

Most of them were men, but there were 
fifty women and children among them. 



238 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

They were a very religious people, and 
chose a minister to o^o with them. His 
name was John McLeod. 

Without waiting for Oglethorpe, they went 
to Georgia as soon as they were ready to go. 

They had been told where to build their 
town. 

On their way to this spot, they stopped 
at Savannah. 

The people there thought it foolhardy for 
the Highlanders to go so near the Spaniards. 

" The Spaniards can see you from their 
forts," said they. " They will shoot you in 
your town." 

" Then," said the Highlanders, " we will 
drive them out of their fort. We can live 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 239 

there ourselves and shall not have to build 
houses." 

You see they were not to be frightened. 

The place where they were to settle was 
a long way from Savannah, on the Alta- 
maha River. 

They named the district Darien, and the 
little village New Inverness. 

They lived just as they had in Scotland, 
and wore the same sort of clothes. 

As had been expected, they were always 
a help to the colony when there was fighting 
to be done. 

In fact, many of their descendants fought 
in the Revolution. 



Chapter XLIV. 

Meanwhile Oglethorpe was not idle in 
England. 

He was still looking for more colonists, 
and he got them. 

Soon after the Hio^hlanders reached 
Georgia, Oglethorpe's own vessel sailed up 
the river. 

He had more than two hundred people 
on board. 

Some of these were Germans, but the 
greater part were English. 

These people built a town at the mouth 
of the Altamaha River. 

240 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 241 

It was on St. Simon's Island, and was 
named Frederica. 

It was also built to protect the colony 
from the Spaniards, so everything about it 
was very strong. 

Then Oglethorpe thought he would not 
wait for the Spaniards to attack him. 

He got together as large an army as 
possible. 

The Indians joined him, and some men 
came from the Carolinas. 

They went to St. Augustine, where the 
Spaniards were, by land and by sea. 

Oglethorpe thought he would easily take 
the fort. 

But everything went wrong, however. 



242 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

The Spaniards were stronger than he 
thought. 

Oglethorpe had to give up the attempt 
and go back home. 

Two years after this, the Spaniards them- 
selves came up to Frederica. 

Oglethorpe had only a few men there, 
and the Spaniards had a large army. 

But Oglethorpe showed much wisdom. 
He arranged his men so that the Spaniards 
thought he also had a great army. 

Then he made the enemy think that still 
more men were coming. 

In a short time he succeeded in driving 
and frightening the Spaniards away and 
they never made any more trouble. 



Chapter XLV. 

But all this time other matters had not 
been going well in the colony. 

Many people disliked Oglethorpe very 
much. 

It is easy to see just why this was. 

When the colony was started, Oglethorpe 
and his friends wanted all the colonists to 
do as they said. 

They made a rule that there should be 
no slaves in Georo^ia. 

In all the other colonies there were 
slaves. 

The people in the Carolinas thought they 
could not get along without them. 

243 



244 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

I have told you about raising rice ; only 
the negroes could do that. 

As there could be no negroes in Georgia, 
there could be no rice. 

Still worse, the colonists could raise 
only such crops as they were allowed 
to. 

It was thougfht that silk worms would do 
well in Georo^ia. 

The climate was not just right for them, 
but the colonists were made to raise them 
just the same. 

They also had to raise other things which 
did not pay them. 

Then, too, Oglethorpe kept a great many 
soldiers about. 



IN COLONIAL DAYS. 245 

He thought he needed them to protect 
the colony, but the colonists did not like 
them. 

At last, people began to complain so 
much that Oglethorpe went to England to 
see what could be done. 

It happened that he never came to 
Georgia again, and after a few years he and 
his friends became discouraored with the 
colony. 

They gave it back to the king, and the 
kmg let the colonists do more as they 
pleased. 

Slaves were soon brought into the colony, 
rice was raised, and from that time on the 
colonists prospered. 



246 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 

So Oglethorpe lived to see his colony, 
which he had planted from kindness, grow 
rich and powerful. 



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